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Henri Michaux (1889-1984)


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Images du monde visionnaire
Henri Michaux and Eric Duvivier (1964, 38 min)

Images du monde visionnaire, an educational film by Henri Michaux and Eric Duvivier which was "produced in 1963 by the film department of Swiss pharmaceutical company Sandoz (best known for synthesizing LSD in 1938) in order to demonstrate the hallucinogenic effects of mescaline and hashish."

Ce film se propose de montrer les types d’images, et leurs façons spéciales d’apparaître et de disparaître, qu’un sujet quelconque, soumis à l’action de certaines substances psychotropes, voit défiler en son imagination avec une clarté extrême et sans l’intervention de sa volonté. Deux genres de visions, dont on a ici accusé les différences plutôt que les ressemblances, correspondent donc à deux hallucinogènes.


From Ombres Blanches Blog:

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It’s indeed not an experimental but an educational film which was produced in 1963 by the film department of Swiss pharmaceutical company Sandoz (best known for synthesizing LSD in 1938) in order to demonstrate the hallucinogenic effects of mescaline and hashish. Still it shares many traits with some of the more interesting efforts in avant-garde film making of its time. Maybe the most remarkable about it is that it is the only venture in film of notable French writer and painter Henri Michaux who wrote several accounts of his experiments with drugs. In charge with the filmic translation of Michaux’ prescriptions was director Eric Duvivier (a nephew of Julien Duvivier) whose other films include an adaptation of Max Ernst’s collage novel La femme 100 têtes. Sceptical from the start about the success of such an undertaking Michaux was said to be quite disappointed by the result. But the following conversation with famous photographer Brassaï shows Michaux in a different mood.

Paris, Friday, 21 February 1964
I telephoned Michaux

Me: I very much enjoyed your film about hashish and mescaline. The incantations and extraordinary images create a spellbinding effect, combined with the excellent music. Sometimes one can be really bowled over…

Michaux: I’m glad to hear you like my film. You are a good judge… The cameraman I worked with carried out my ideas and my ‘cutting’ very conscientously.

Me: I’m sorry that this film won’t be seen by the general public, that it won’t be shown in cinemas. Don’t you think it should go on general release?

Michaux: Yes, it’s under discussion. But only if the drug addict himself and the doctor who introduces the film are cut. But they would keep my voice.

Me: So really, although the film has been shown five or six times, very few people have been able to see it. The Salle de Géographie was completely packed when I went; I couldn’t find a seat. I watched the film while lying on the floor at the feet of Jean Paulhan and Dominique Aury…
From Sayag, Lionel-Marie, Brassaï The Monograph, Boston 2000

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Michaux portrayed by Brassa•

Eric Duvivier’s entry in the IMDB is really meager so I made some research on the man who is somewhat misleadingly designated by Michaux as “cameraman”.
Duvivier has made about 500 educational films. Most of them are dealing with a psychiatrical theme and Duvivier seems to be the most important French exponent of this branch. In 1964 he was charged with special effects for Henri Georges Clouzot’s unfinished L’Enfer a film which has delusional jealousy as its theme (It was eventually made by Chabrol in 1994).
His aformentioned Max Ernst adaptation was very well received by André Pieyre de Mandiargues who wrote:

The visual poem belongs to a certain degree to the ancestors of cinema. The desire to bring it to the screen seems only natural. (É) Eric Duvivier’s attempt is a considerable success and I’m pleased to welcome it as the best surrealist film offered to us in thirty years or more.

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A still from Images de la folie (1950), a film about the art of mental patients, can be found in Amos Vogel’s book Film as a Subversive Art.

images-de-la-folie.jpg

… an unprecedented film document which, in drawings and paintings, takes the viewer through the universe of the mentally ill without explanation or analysis. - Amos Vogel

Selected filmography:

L’art psychotique, 1997
Une psychose en enfer, 1994
Les Neuroleptiques, 1978
Sur les traces de Balint, 1977
Autoportrait d’un schizophr¸ne (with Pierre Clˇmenti), 1977
Nˇvroses post-traumatiques, 1975
Les films de sˇmiologie pˇdo-psychiatrique, 1972
Image du corps, 1972
Les autopathes, 1971
Rˇlation mˇdecin malade, 1967
Phobie d’impulsion, 1967
Concerto mˇcanique pour la folie ou La Folle Mˇcamorphose, 1967
Auto-stop (sotie), 1964
La perception et l’imaginaire, 1964
Ballet sur un th¸me paraphrˇnique, 1962
Le monde du schizophr¸ne, 1961
Fou, 1958



Contributed to UbuWeb by Per Bäckström




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